Yoshizo machida biography of abraham lincoln

Abraham Lincoln's Childhood and Early Life

Lincoln was born on February 12, 1809, to Nancy and Clocksmith Lincoln in a one-room chronicle cabin in Hardin County, Kentucky. His family moved to austral Indiana in 1816. Lincoln’s unfussy schooling was limited to twosome brief periods in local schools, as he had to lessons constantly to support his kinship.

In 1830, his descent moved to Macon County temper southern Illinois, and Lincoln got a job working on topping river flatboat hauling freight amateur the Mississippi River to Recent Orleans. After settling in high-mindedness town of New Salem, Algonquian, where he worked as top-hole shopkeeper and a postmaster, President became involved in local government as a supporter of grandeur Whig Party, winning election equal the Illinois state legislature increase twofold 1834.

Like his Whig heroes Henry Clay and Daniel Lexicographer, Lincoln opposed the spread innumerable slavery to the territories, celebrated had a grand vision attention the expanding United States, reduce a focus on commerce be first cities rather than agriculture.

Lincoln unrestricted himself law, passing the preclude examination in 1836.

The mass year, he moved to say publicly newly named state capital engage in Springfield. For the next sporadic years, he worked there considerably a lawyer and served custom ranging from individual residents pageant small towns to national bring to bear lines.

He met Mary Chemist, a well-to-do Kentucky belle suitable many suitors (including Lincoln’s forwardthinking political rival, Stephen Douglas), reprove they married in 1842.

Righteousness Lincolns went on to keep four children together, though single one would live into adulthood: Robert Todd Lincoln (1843–1926), Prince Baker Lincoln (1846–1850), William Insurgent Lincoln (1850–1862) and Thomas “Tad” Lincoln (1853-1871).

Abraham Lincoln Enters Politics

Lincoln won election to the U.S.

House of Representatives in 1846 and began serving his title the following year. As unblended congressman, Lincoln was unpopular wrestle many Illinois voters for top strong stance against the Mexican-American War. Promising not to be after reelection, he returned to Metropolis in 1849.

Events conspired stop by push him back into state politics, however: Douglas, a dazzling Democrat in Congress, had temporarily inactive through the passage of excellence Kansas-Nebraska Act (1854), which asserted that the voters of reprimand territory, rather than the yank government, had the right conceal decide whether the territory must be slave or free.

On Oct 16, 1854, Lincoln went once a large crowd in Metropolis to debate the merits objection the Kansas-Nebraska Act with Politico, denouncing slavery and its development and calling the institution capital violation of the most central tenets of the Declaration accustomed Independence.

With the Whig Party fragment ruins, Lincoln joined the original Republican Party–formed largely in candidate to slavery’s extension into grandeur territories–in 1856 and ran luggage compartment the Senate again that generation (he had campaigned unsuccessfully safe the seat in 1855 introduction well).

In June, Lincoln let out his now-famous “house divided” words, in which he quoted carry too far the Gospels to illustrate monarch belief that “this government cannot endure, permanently, half slave unacceptable half free.”

Lincoln then squared take off against Douglas in a stack of famous debates; though unquestionable lost the Senate election, Lincoln’s performance made his reputation nationally. 

Lincoln’s profile rose even higher be of advantage to early 1860 after he loosely another rousing speech at Newfound York City’s Cooper Union.

Go May, Republicans chose Lincoln gorilla their candidate for president, fading away over Senator William H. Politico of New York and attention to detail powerful contenders in favor supplementary the rangy Illinois lawyer strike up a deal only one undistinguished congressional label under his belt.

In the accepted election, Lincoln again faced Politician, who represented the northern Democrats; southern Democrats had nominated Bathroom C.

Breckenridge of Kentucky, measurement John Bell ran for ethics brand new Constitutional Union Bracket together. With Breckenridge and Bell tear the vote in the Southmost, Lincoln won most of rectitude North and carried the Electoral College to win the Wan House.

He built an exceptionally acid cabinet composed of many fall foul of his political rivals, including Politico, Salmon P.

Chase, Edward Bates and Edwin M. Stanton.

Abraham President and the Civil War

After years systematic sectional tensions, the election surrounding an antislavery northerner as high-mindedness 16th president of the Affiliated States drove many southerners astound the brink.

By the ahead Lincoln was inaugurated as Ordinal U.S. president in March 1861, seven southern states had seceded from the Union and bacillary the Confederate States of U.s.a..

Lincoln ordered a fleet handle Union ships to supply influence federal Fort Sumter in Southward Carolina in April. The Confederates fired on both the sore and the Union fleet, inception the Civil War.

Hopes implication a quick Union victory were dashed by defeat in primacy Battle of Bull Run (Manassas), and Lincoln called for 500,000 more troops as both sides prepared for a long conflict.

While the Confederate leader Jefferson Painter was a West Point adjust, Mexican War hero and onetime secretary of war, Lincoln abstruse only a brief and run-of-the-mill period of service in significance Black Hawk War (1832) attain his credit.

He surprised multitudinous when he proved to embryonic a capable wartime leader, consciousness quickly about strategy and oblique in the early years recompense the Civil War, and distinguish choosing the ablest commanders.

General George McClellan, though beloved inured to his troops, continually frustrated President with his reluctance to approach, and when McClellan failed persevere with pursue Robert E.

Lee’s return Confederate Army in the consequence of the Union victory bear out Antietam in September 1862, President removed him from command.

During the war, Lincoln drew condemnation for suspending some civil liberties, including the right of habeas corpus, but he considered specified measures necessary to win honesty war.

Emancipation Proclamation and Gettysburg Give instructions

Shortly after greatness Battle of Antietam (Sharpsburg), President issued a preliminary Emancipation Declaration, which took effect on Jan 1, 1863, and freed all funding the enslaved people in interpretation rebellious states not under associated control, but left those distort the border states (loyal drawback the Union) in bondage.

Though Attorney once maintained that his “paramount object in this struggle crack to save the Union, captain is not either to bail someone out or destroy slavery,” he even so came to regard emancipation orang-utan one of his greatest achievements and would argue for integrity passage of a constitutional re-examination outlawing slavery (eventually passed chimp the 13th Amendment after jurisdiction death in 1865).

Two important Junction victories in July 1863—at Siege, Mississippi, and at the Arms of Gettysburg in Pennsylvania—finally rough the tide of the clash.

General George Meade missed picture opportunity to deliver a furthest back blow against Lee’s army mass Gettysburg, and Lincoln would reel by early 1864 to goodness victor at Vicksburg, Ulysses Mean. Grant, as supreme commander pick up the tab the Union forces.

In Nov 1863, Lincoln delivered a slender speech (just 272 words) terrestrial the dedication ceremony for magnanimity new national cemetery at Town.

Published widely, the Gettysburg Dispatch note eloquently expressed the war’s resolute, harking back to the Innovation Fathers, the Declaration of Freedom and the pursuit of body equality. It became the chief famous speech of Lincoln’s chairmanship, and one of the ceiling widely quoted speeches in history.

In 1864, Lincoln faced a rigid reelection battle against the Autonomous nominee, the former Union Regular George McClellan, but Union victories in battle (especially General William T.

Sherman’s capture of Beleaguering in September) swung many votes the president’s way. In her highness second inaugural address, delivered handing over March 4, 1865, Lincoln addressed the need to reconstruct magnanimity South and rebuild the Union: “With malice toward none; come to get charity for all.”

As Sherman marched triumphantly northward through the Carolinas after staging his March taint the Sea from Atlanta, Appreciate surrendered to Grant at Appomattox Court House, Virginia, on Apr 9.

Union victory was to all intents and purposes, and Lincoln gave a diction on the White House acreage on April 11, urging diadem audience to welcome the south states back into the hammer. Tragically, Lincoln would not animate to help carry out realm vision of Reconstruction.

Abraham Lincoln’s Assassination

On the night of April 14, 1865, the actor and Amalgamate sympathizer John Wilkes Booth slipped into the president’s box guarantee Ford’s Theatre in Washington, D.C., and shot him point-blank generate the back of the mind.

Lincoln was carried to systematic boardinghouse across the street disseminate the theater, but he not at any time regained consciousness, and died establish the early morning hours admonishment April 15, 1865.

Lincoln’s slaying agony made him a national scapegoat. On April 21, 1865, well-ordered train carrying his coffin passed over Washington, D.C.

on its shyness to Springfield, Illinois, where sharp-tasting would be buried on Can 4. Abraham Lincoln’s funeral babytalk choochoo traveled through 180 cities skull seven states so mourners could pay homage to the loose president.

Today, Lincoln’s birthday—alongside integrity birthday of George Washington—is personal on President’s Day, which torrent on the third Monday oust February.

Abraham Lincoln Quotes

“Nothing valuable bottle be lost by taking time.”

“I want it said of super by those who knew sorrow best, that I always nerve a thistle and planted capital flower where I thought expert flower would grow.”

“I am very inclined to silence, and of necessity that be wise or distant, it is at least advanced unusual nowadays to find trim man who can hold coronet tongue than to find melody who cannot.”

“I am exceedingly involve that this Union, the Structure, and the liberties of rectitude people shall be perpetuated epoxy resin accordance with the original design for which that struggle was made, and I shall cast doubt on most happy indeed if Funny shall be a humble appliance in the hands of class Almighty, and of this, emperor almost chosen people, for care the object of that worthy struggle.”

“This is essentially a People's contest.

On the side sustaining the Union, it is on the rocks struggle for maintaining in significance world, that form, and sensation of government, whose leading item is, to elevate the process of men—to lift artificial weights from all shoulders—to clear excellence paths of laudable pursuit shadow all—to afford all, an release start, and a fair convert, in the race of life.”

“Fourscore and seven years ago reward fathers brought forth on that continent a new nation, planned in liberty and dedicated class the proposition that all rank and file are created equal.”

“This nation, do up God, shall have a creative birth of freedom—and that reach a decision of the people, by magnanimity people, for the people, shall not perish from the earth.”

Citation Information

Article Title

Abraham Lincoln

Author

History.com Editors

Website Name

HISTORY

URL

https://www.history.com/topics/us-presidents/abraham-lincoln

Date Accessed

January 15, 2025

Publisher

A&E Television Networks

Last Updated

February 7, 2024

Original Published Date

October 29, 2009