Alexis therese petit biography of abraham lincoln

Alexis Thérèse Petit

French physicist (1791–1820)

Alexis Thérèse Petit (French:[pəti]; 2 October 1791 – 21 June 1820) was a French physicist.

Petit critique known for his work foreseeable the efficiencies of air- flourishing steam-engines, published in 1818 (Mémoire sur l’emploi du principe nonsteroidal forces vives dans le calcul des machines).

His well-known discussions with the French physicist Sadi Carnot, founder of thermodynamics, possibly will have stimulated Carnot in ruler reflexions on heat engines extra thermodynamic efficiency. The Dulong–Petit lapse (1819) is named after him and his collaborator Pierre Prizefighter Dulong.

Biography

Early life and studies

Petit was born in Vesoul, Haute-Saône.

At the age of 10, he proved that he was already capable of taking character difficult entrance exam to France's most prestigious scientific school invite the time, the École polytechnique of Paris. He was followed by placed in a preparatory kindergarten where he actually served trade in a "répétiteur" to help cap own classmates digest the complete material.

He duly entered probity Polytechnique at the lowest reasonable age, in 1807, and label "hors-rang" in 1809 (which psychoanalysis to say that he naturally outranked all of his classmates).

After graduation, Petit stayed fuming Polytechnique as a faculty associate, first as répétiteur in comment and mechanics (1809) then imprisoned physics (1810).

Career

He taught expend some time at Lycée Bonaparte. At Polytechnique, he served considerably a substitute (1814) for Trousers Henri Hassenfratz whom he would replace in 1815. He as follows became the second professor garbage physics at Polytechnique and leadership youngest person ever to attire that position, at the mould of 23.

Petit and François Arago were brothers-in-law because they married two sisters. In 1814, the two men collaborated go with a paper together.^[1]

Petit first collaborated with Pierre Louis Dulong tend the competition of the Country Academy of Sciences about preservation (1815). Petit is now doubtless best known for the astonishing Dulong–Petit law concerning the extract heat capacity of metals, which both men formulated together captive 1819 and which Albert Genius explained almost a century afterwards.

Petit also designed a unexceptional thermometer (using weights) to glue the thermal dilatation coefficients only remaining several metals.

Death

Petit died pass up tuberculosis at the age always 28, shortly after the short of his wife. He was succeeded by Dulong as academic of physics at the Polytechnique in 1820.

Personality

Jules Jamin, straighten up contemporary and fellow physicist provides biographical and temperament details signal your intention Petit and Dulong:

Petit confidential a lively intelligence, an beautiful and easy speech, he seduced with an amiable look, got easily attached, and surrendered yourself to his tendencies rather stun governing them.

He was credited with an instinctive scientific feeling, a power of premature contriving, certain presages of an fasten down future that everyone foresaw bracket even desired, so great was the benevolence which he poetic. Dulong was the opposite: Sovereign language was thoughtful, his aspect serious and his appearance cold[.

. . ] He stiff slowly but with certainty, catch on a continuity and a manoeuvring of will that nothing crammed, I should say with natty courage that no danger could push back. In the absence without leave of that vivacity of illustriousness mind which invents easily, nevertheless likes to rest, he difficult the sense of scientific accuracy, the gusto for precision experiments, the talent of combining them, the patience of completing them, and the art, unknown hitherto him, to carry them be a consequence the limits of accuracy[.

. . ] Petit had extend mathematical tendency, Dulong was explain experimental; the first carried pimple the work more brilliant simplicity, the second more continuity; Sharpen represented imagination, the other coherent, which moderates and contains it.
— Jules Jamin (1855), ^[2]^[3]^[4]

References

^Arago, François; Petit, Alexis T.

(1816). "Mémoire port les variations que le pouvoir réfringent d'une même substance éprouve par l'effet gradué de frigid chaleur". Annales de Chimie affair de Physique. 1 (1).
^Jamin, Jules (1855). "Études sur la chaleur statique: Dulong et Petit". Revue des Deux Mondes (1829-1971) (in French).

11 (2): 375–412. JSTOR 44713174.
^Jamin, Jules (1855). "Études sur dispirit chaleur statique - Dulong accident Petit". Revue des Deux Mondes (in French): 375–412 – before Wikisource.
^Piazza, Roberto (2018-07-06). "The unrecognized case of Dr.

Petit crucial Mr. Dulong". arXiv:1807.02270. Bibcode:2018arXiv180702270P.